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DUKAS_184873161_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
A member of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community performs the Shakela dance while celebrating Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums and cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of getting better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In old days, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move, during which they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival that Kirats of Nepal celebrate. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward, and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May), and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors get angry when they are not properly worshipped. (Photo by ___) -
DUKAS_184872691_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
A female member of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community takes a selfie as she attends a mass celebration of Shakela Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums, cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of getting better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In old days, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move and during that, they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival that Kirats of Nepal celebrate. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May) and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors get angry when they are not properly worshipped. -
DUKAS_184872683_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
Members of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community pose for a photo as they gather to celebrate Shakela Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums and cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of obtaining better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In the past, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move, during which they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival celebrated by the Kirats of Nepal. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward, and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, which is on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May), and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors become angry when they are not properly worshipped. (Photo by ___) -
DUKAS_184872675_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
A female member of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community poses for a photo as she attends a mass celebration of Shakela Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums, cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of getting better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In old days, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move and during that, they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival that Kirats of Nepal celebrate. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May) and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors get angry when they are not properly worshiped. (Photo by ___) -
DUKAS_184872667_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
Members of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community pose for a photo as they gather to celebrate Shakela Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums and cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of obtaining better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In the past, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move, during which they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival celebrated by the Kirats of Nepal. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward, and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, which is on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May), and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors become angry when they are not properly worshipped. (Photo by ___) -
DUKAS_184872651_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
Members of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community pose for a photo as they gather to celebrate Shakela Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums and cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of obtaining better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In the past, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move, during which they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival celebrated by the Kirats of Nepal. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward, and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, which is on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May), and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors become angry when they are not properly worshipped. (Photo by ___) -
DUKAS_184873075_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
A female member of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community sings Shakela Sili as she attends a mass celebration of Shakela Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums and cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of obtaining better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In the past, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move, during which they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival celebrated by the Kirats of Nepal. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward, and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May), and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors become angry when they are not properly worshipped. -
DUKAS_184872847_NUR
Nepal’s Indigenous Kirat Community Observes Shakela Ubhauli Worshipping Nature
A member of Nepal's indigenous Kirat community performs the Shakela dance while celebrating Ubhauli in Kathmandu, Nepal, on May 17, 2025. Kirant men and women clad in traditional attire observe the festival by beating drums and cymbals, imitating the activities of birds and other animals, and exchanging greetings with each other. This festival is celebrated by worshiping land and ancestors in hopes of getting better crops, health, and property. Kirat Mundhum, the holy book of Kirat, mentions that the year of 365 days is divided into two phases: Ubhauli (going up) and Udhauli (going down). In old days, people used to move uphill and downhill during these seasons. Ubhauli is celebrated every year on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima/Buddha Jayanti in the Nepali month of Baishak (April-May). Traditionally, during the summer, the Kirat people move uphill to avoid the heat and malaria. They perform Ubhauli rituals before they move, during which they worship their ancestors and nature for better health and crops. Sakela is the biggest festival that Kirats of Nepal celebrate. Ubhauli and Udhauli are the two main festivals of Sakela. Ubhauli means upward, and Udhauli means downward. Every year, Ubhauli is celebrated on Baishak Sulka Purnima, on the same day as Buddha Purnima or Buddha Jayanti. Sakela Ubhauli falls in the month of Baishak (April-May), and Sakela Udhauli falls during the month of Mangsir (October-November) of the Bikram Sambat calendar. Traditionally, the Kirat people climb up to the mountains in summer to avoid the heat and malaria after performing the Ubhauli rituals. During these traditional rituals, they worship their ancestors and nature, seeking better wealth and crops. At the start of winter, with similar rituals for Udhauli, they move down the hill. The Kirat have a strong belief in dead ancestors and nature. They believe ancestors get angry when they are not properly worshipped. (Photo by ___) -
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Colour 35mm Transparency
Battle at Ypres WWI Canadians v Germans - Ypres, a medieval town in Belgium, was taken by the German Army at the beginning of the war. However, by early October, 1914, the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was able to recapture the town. The first major German attempt to regain Ypres took place on 15th October. Experienced BEF riflemen held their positions but suffered heavy losses. German attacks took place for the next four weeks but with the arrival of the French Army the line was held. With the weather deteriorating, the Germans decided to abandon the Ypres offensive on the 22nd November. It is estimated that about 135,000 Germans were killed or badly wounded during the offensive. The BEF lost around 75,000 men and was effectively destroyed as a professional army. There were two more major battles at Ypres: 2nd Battle of Ypres (April-May, 1915) and Passchendaele (July-October, 1917). The Second Battle of Ypres, as it is known in British military history, encompassed four battles in the northern sector of the Ypres Salient. The first of these began on 22 April 1915 as a surprise attack by the German 4th Army on the Allied front line. This attack witnessed the first use of a new German weapon on the Western Front: poisonous gas. Its deadly effect was carried on a gentle breeze towards French troops and as a result of its devastating effect on the French the German infantry made a significant advance into Allied territory. During the next four weeks the Allied Forces of Belgium, France and Britain fought to hold off the successful German advance and to regain the ground that had been lost north of Ypres. The fourth battle ended on 25 May 1915.
- å© TopFoto, Belgien
DUKAS/UNITED ARCHIVES